摘要：面对汽轮机背压设计参数与实际运行需求不一致的矛盾，华能仙人岛热电公司在生产过程中持续开展背压式汽轮机降背压运行实践与理论研究，明确了汽轮机降背压运行方式下所具有的优势以及面对的风险，并有针对性的制定了量化的运行控制措施，实现了50MW背压式汽轮机超低负荷运行，提高了汽轮机运行经济性与灵活性。

推荐：汽油发电机适应电子调速器试验

关键词：背压式汽轮机；降背压；超低负荷；运行实践

推荐：康明斯柴油发电机主要结构是什么

The Ultra-low Load Operation Of 50MW Back Pressure Steam Turbine

推荐：柴油发电机的效率更高

FEI Zhuo1ZOU Shengang2HUANG Yufeng3 CONGLifeng4

(1.Huaneng Yingkou Xianrendao Thermal Power Co., Ltd.115009;2.Huaneng Yingkou Xianrendao Thermal Power Co., Ltd. 115009;3.Huaneng Yingkou Xianrendao Thermal Power Co., Ltd. 115009;4.Huaneng Yingkou Xianrendao Thermal Power Co., Ltd. 115009)

Abstract:Facing the contradiction between the design parameters of steam turbine back pressure and the actual operation requirements, Huaneng Yingkou xianrendao Thermal Power Co., Ltd continued to carry out the practical and theoretical research on the back pressure reduction of back pressure steam turbine in the production process, the advantages and the risks of steam turbine back pressure reduction operation mode was cleared, meanwhile quantitative operation control measures were formulated. Finally the ultra-low load operation of 50MW back pressure steam turbine was realized, and the economy and flexibility of steam turbine operation was improved .

Key words: Back pressure steam turbine;Back pressure reduction;Ultra-low load;Operation practice

1.背景

华能仙人岛热电公司地处辽宁省营口市，非供暖季为每年4月至10月，共7个月。仙人岛热电公司配备2台东方汽轮机股份有限公司制造的CB50-10.5/3.8/1.3型汽轮机组，额定主蒸汽流量470t/h，设计最小投入供热线主蒸汽流量260t/h，额定背压1.3MPa.a，额定排汽温度288℃，纯背工况额定外供汽量345t/h。在非供暖季工业蒸汽负荷仅约65~80t/h的供汽负荷条件下，汽轮机末级叶片出现明显的鼓风效应，排汽温度超限，无法满足汽轮机安全运行条件，汽轮机被迫停运。

非供暖季汽轮机无法运行，造成仙人岛在2017年投产后即出现亏损，企业经营形势困难。面对这种局面，降低汽轮机最小连续运行所需热负荷，实现汽轮机全年运行，成为企业扭亏的关键因素。为此，仙人岛热电开展了背压式汽轮机超低负荷运行方案探索，最终于2021年4月成功实现50MW背压式汽轮机超低负荷（1MW）连续安全稳定运行。